Structural Robustness of Complex Networks: A Survey of <i>A Posteriori</i> Measures[Feature]

Network robustness is critical for various industrial and social networks against malicious attacks, which has meanings in different research contexts here it refers to the ability of a network sustain its functionality when fraction fail work due attacks. The rapid development complex indicates special interest great concern about robustness, essential further analyzing optimizing structures towards engineering applications. This comprehensive survey distills important findings developments research, focusing on posteriori structural measures single-layer static networks. Specifically, are reviewed from four perspectives: 1) functionality, including connectivity, controllability communication ability, as well their extensions; 2) conventional computation-based attack strategies; 3) estimation methods using either analytical approximation or machine learning-based prediction; 4) optimization. Based existing measures, practical threshold destruction introduced, with suggestion that should be measured only before reaching destruction. Then, priori compared experimentally, revealing advantages measures. Finally, prospective directions respect recommended.